Introduction
to Human Resource Management
Human
Resource Management (HRM) is an operation in companies designed to maximize
employee performance in order to meet the employer's strategic goals and
objectives. More precisely, HRM focuses on management of people within
companies, emphasizing on policies and systems.
In
short, HRM is the process of recruiting, selecting employees, providing proper
orientation and induction, imparting proper training and developing skills.
HRM also includes employee assessment like performance
appraisal, facilitating proper compensation and benefits, encouragement,
maintaining proper relations with labor and with trade unions, and taking care
of employee safety, welfare and health by complying with labor laws of the
state or country concerned.
The Scope of HRM
The
scope of HRM is very wide. It consists of all the functions that come under the
banner of human resource management. The different functions are as follows;
It
is the process by which a company identifies how many positions are vacant and
whether the company has excess staff or shortage of staff and subsequently
deals with this need of excess or shortage.
Job Analysis Design
Job
analysis can be defined as the process of noticing and regulating in detail the
particular job duties and requirements and the relative importance of these
duties for a given job.
Job
analysis design is a process of designing jobs where evaluations are made
regarding the data collected on a job. It gives an elaborate description about
each and every job in the company.
Recruitment and Selection
With
respect to the information collected from job analysis, the company prepares
advertisements and publishes them on various social media platforms. This is
known as recruitment.
A
number of applications are received after the advertisement is presented,
interviews are conducted and the deserving employees are selected. Thus,
recruitment and selection is yet another essential area of HRM.
Orientation and Induction
After
the employees are selected, an induction or orientation
program is organized. The employees are updated about the background of
the company as well as culture, values, and work ethics of the company and they
are also introduced to the other employees.
Employees
have to undergo a training program, which assists them to put up a better
performance on the job. Sometimes, training is also conducted for currently
working experienced staff so as to help them improve their skills further. This
is known as refresher training.
Performance Appraisal
After
the employees have put in around 1 year of service, performance appraisal is
organized in order to check their performance. On the basis of these
appraisals, future promotions, incentives, and increments in salary are
decided.
Compensation,Planning and Remuneration
Under
compensation planning and remuneration, various rules and regulations regarding
compensation and related aspects are taken care of. It is the duty of the HR
department to look into remuneration and compensation planning.
Human
Resource Management as a discipline includes the following features −
It
is pervasive in nature, as it is present in all industries.
It
focuses on outcomes and not on rules.
It
helps employees develop and groom their potential completely.
It
motivates employees to give their best to the company.
It
is all about people at work, as individuals as well as in groups.
It
tries to put people on assigned tasks in order to have good production or
results.
It
helps a company achieve its goals in the future by facilitating work for
competent and well-motivated employees.
It
approaches to build and maintain cordial relationship among people working at
various levels in the company.
Basically,
we can say that HRM is a multi-disciplinary activity, utilizing knowledge and
inputs drawn from psychology, economics, etc.
Reference
(https://www.tutorialspoint.com/human_resource_management/human_resource_management_introduction.htm)
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